Our readers keep the lights on and my morning glass full of iced black tea. As an Amazon Associate, I earn from qualifying purchases.9 Best At Home Skin Tightening Device | Collagen Without Needles

The difference between a tired face and a sculpted one often comes down to a single daily ritual — not a surgeon’s scalpel. At-home skin tightening devices now deliver radio frequency, microcurrent, and LED light therapy straight to your bathroom counter, offering measurable collagen stimulation and muscle toning without the clinic price tag. But with so many technologies on the market, choosing the wrong modality can mean wasting months on a device that simply can’t address your specific skin concern.

I’m Mohammad Maruf — the founder and writer behind Gardening Beyond. I’ve spent over a year analyzing dermatological studies, comparing device specifications across 40+ models, and aggregating thousands of verified owner experiences to understand which technologies actually deliver visible lifting and firming.

This guide breaks down the real-world performance of nine leading devices so you can select the best at home skin tightening device that matches your specific skin type, budget, and treatment goals.

How To Choose The Best At Home Skin Tightening Device

Selecting the right device starts with understanding the primary technology inside it. Radio frequency devices heat the dermis to stimulate collagen contraction and new growth, making them ideal for loose or sagging skin. Microcurrent devices deliver low-level electrical currents to tone facial muscles, which gives an immediate lifting effect but requires consistent maintenance. LED light therapy, particularly red and near-infrared wavelengths, boosts cellular energy production and supports collagen synthesis over weeks of regular use. Some premium devices combine two or even three of these modalities, but combination units usually command a higher upfront cost.

Technology Modality — RF vs Microcurrent vs LED

Radio frequency (RF) penetrates deeper than microcurrent, reaching the dermal layer at around 1-2mm, which is why it’s preferred for volumizing and tightening loose skin. Microcurrent operates at a more superficial level, targeting the 65+ muscles in the face and neck for a lifted contour. If your primary concern is sagging jowls or a loss of facial volume, prioritize an RF-capable device. If your goal is a sharper jawline and lifted brows, microcurrent will deliver faster visible results. LED therapy, especially red at 630-660nm and near-infrared at 810-880nm, works best as a complementary treatment to either RF or microcurrent for overall skin texture improvement.

Treatment Time and Consistency Requirements

Most devices require a daily or near-daily commitment to show lasting results. A typical session ranges from 3 to 15 minutes per treatment area. Budget-friendly devices often lack the power density to produce results with short sessions, meaning you may need to spend more time per area to see improvement. Premium devices with higher energy output or more LEDs can deliver comparable results in shorter windows. Before purchasing, realistically assess whether you can commit 5-15 minutes daily, as inconsistency is the single most common reason for underwhelming results across all price tiers.

Safety and Comfort Features

For microcurrent devices, an anti-shock system is non-negotiable — it scans skin resistance and adjusts intensity automatically to prevent discomfort. For RF devices, look for NTC (negative temperature coefficient) sensors that prevent overheating and potential burns. Devices with adjustable intensity levels allow you to start at a low setting and increase as your skin acclimates. Ergonomic design also matters: a flexible or rotating head ensures consistent contact with facial contours, especially around the jawline, under the eyes, and along the nasolabial folds.

Quick Comparison

On smaller screens, swipe sideways to see the full table.

Model Category Best For Key Spec Amazon
Shark CryoGlow LED Face Mask Premium Under-eye cooling + LED combo 60 LEDs (red, blue, infrared) Amazon
TheraFace PRO Premium All-in-one microcurrent + LED 8-in-1 with snap-on rings Amazon
FOREO Bear Microcurrent Mid-Range Muscle toning and instant lift Anti-Shock System Amazon
Solawave 4-in-1 Wand Mid-Range Quick depuffing + serum absorption 180° rotating head Amazon
VITALY Glow-Pro Device Mid-Range RF + LED with clinical collagen boost 12W output, 2200mAh battery Amazon
INIA Flare Face Lift Mid-Range 3-mode versatility (lift, tighten, infuse) Articulating 3D head Amazon
Pure Daily Care NuDerma Mid-Range High-frequency + scalp stimulation 4 Neon applicator wands Amazon
Shark FacialPro Glow Premium Pore cleansing + hot/cold therapy Hydro-abrasion suction tips Amazon
TheraFace Mask Premium Hands-free full-face LED therapy 3x more LEDs than competitors Amazon

In‑Depth Reviews

Best Overall

1. Shark CryoGlow LED Face Mask

60 LEDsInstaChill Cooling

The Shark CryoGlow merges LED light therapy with cryotherapy-inspired under-eye cooling, making it one of the most versatile single-device solutions on the market. Its 60-LED array spans red, blue, and infrared wavelengths, targeting fine lines, acne, and overall radiance within 4-15 minute sessions. The under-eye attachment uses InstaChill cold technology with three temperature levels, delivering visible tightening after one use — a feature no other LED mask in this roundup offers.

Clinical data backs the anti-aging claims: a 12-week study with 60 subjects using the red-infrared mode once daily showed measurable improvements in skin firmness and reduction of sagging. The blue-infrared mode similarly cleared acne in an 8-minute session. The mask is USB-C rechargeable, lightweight at 1.49 pounds, and includes a remote control for mode switching without an app, which simplifies use for less tech-savvy users.

Owner feedback consistently highlights the cooling eye pads as the standout differentiator, with multiple reviewers noting reduced under-eye puffiness after the first treatment. The main trade-offs are the mask’s slight bulkiness and the faint noise from the cooling unit. Results still demand consistency — daily use for several weeks is typical before visible firmness changes appear. For users who want LED therapy plus targeted under-eye depuffing in one device, this is the strongest choice.

What works

  • Under-eye InstaChill cooling delivers immediate tightening
  • Three treatment modes (anti-aging, acne, maintenance) cover all concerns
  • Short session lengths (4-15 min) fit easily into nightly routines

What doesn’t

  • Slightly bulky for storage or travel
  • Cooling unit produces a faint operational noise
  • Visible firming requires several weeks of daily use
Max Versatility

2. TheraFace PRO by Therabody

8-in-1Snap-on Rings

The TheraFace PRO is the closest thing to a full facial toolkit in a single handle. Its 8-in-1 system includes microcurrent, red and blue LED light rings, a percussive massage head, a facial cleanser brush, and hot/cold therapy attachments — all secured via magnetic snap-on rings. The percussive massage attachment, borrowed from Therabody’s parent company, delivers targeted muscle relief for tension headaches and TMJ, which is a unique capability among skin tightening devices.

Clinically proven to lift, firm, and reduce fine lines within 12 weeks, the PRO leverages microcurrent to tone facial muscles while red light boosts collagen. The Therabody app guides users through esthetician-designed routines, removing the guesswork around session order and duration. The device is cordless, rechargeable, and weighs 2.23 pounds, which feels substantial but manageable for a full-face routine.

Owners praise the muscle-relief benefits for jaw tension and headaches, with several long-term users reporting reduced TMJ pain. However, some reviewers note the battery drains faster than expected, and the microcurrent intensity can feel weak compared to dedicated microcurrent devices. A small subset reported LED failures after two months, though customer service appears responsive for replacements. The facial cleanser brush is widely considered the weakest attachment. For users who want one device that does everything from microcurrent facelifts to headache relief, the TheraFace PRO is unmatched in versatility.

What works

  • Percussive massage attachment uniquely addresses TMJ and tension headaches
  • Snap-on rings make switching between microcurrent, LED, and cleansing fast
  • App-guided routines eliminate technique guesswork for beginners

What doesn’t

  • Battery drains faster than similarly priced devices
  • Facial cleanser attachment is less effective than dedicated cleansing tools
  • Microcurrent intensity may feel insufficient for experienced users
Sculpting Specialist

3. FOREO Bear Microcurrent Facial Device

Anti-Shock System90 Uses/Charge

FOREO’s Bear is a dedicated microcurrent device engineered for facial muscle toning and contouring. Its FDA-cleared design delivers targeted electrical stimulation to the 65+ muscles in the face and neck, with the goal of producing an immediate lifting effect that compounds with daily use. The Anti-Shock System scans the skin’s resistance and automatically adjusts intensity, which is a critical safety feature given that microcurrent can cause discomfort if applied too aggressively.

A full treatment takes roughly 3 minutes per area, making it one of the fastest microcurrent devices available. The battery life is exceptional — up to 90 uses per single USB charge, meaning most users can go months without rethinking their charging routine. The device is extremely lightweight at 3.2 ounces, which makes it easy to handle and travel with. FOREO backs the Bear with a 2-year warranty against material defects from normal use.

Owner experiences are mixed but instructive. Many see a fuller, lifted face after one month of consistent use, particularly around the cheeks and jawline. However, a notable number of reviewers report the device stops working within weeks or months, and some find the required app connectivity frustrating — the offline mode has reportedly failed, forcing app-dependent use. The device also requires ample conductive gel to avoid uncomfortable shocks, which adds ongoing cost. For committed microcurrent enthusiasts who want a fast, portable sculpting tool, the Bear delivers, but reliability concerns make it a careful consideration for long-term investment.

What works

  • 3-minute sessions fit the most time-constrained routines
  • Anti-Shock System ensures comfortable, safe microcurrent delivery
  • 90 uses per charge is class-leading battery performance

What doesn’t

  • Some units fail within weeks or months, raising reliability questions
  • App-dependent operation frustrates users who want offline control
  • Requires ample conductive gel, adding recurring cost
Best Value

4. Solawave 4-in-1 Red Light Therapy Wand

180° Rotating Head3-Min Treatments

The Solawave 4-in-1 wand stacks red light therapy, galvanic current, therapeutic warmth, and facial massage into a compact, water-resistant device. The red LED at 630nm targets collagen production at the surface level, while the galvanic current drives serums deeper into the skin. The 180-degree rotating head allows the wand to contour around the jawline, cheekbones, and under-eye area without losing contact, which is a common flaw in rigid wands.

The treatment protocol is quick — 3 minutes per facial area — making the total routine under 15 minutes for a full face and neck. The device is cordless and rechargeable via USB-C, and ships with a protective travel case. The warmth setting is particularly popular among owners for its soothing, spa-like effect, and many report immediate de-puffing and a visible glow after the first session. Multiple long-term users note smoother skin texture and reduced dark spots within 1-2 weeks of daily use at 1-2 sessions per day.

The primary criticisms are its small treatment surface, which requires more passes to cover the full face, and the fact that consistent daily use is non-negotiable for results to persist. A small number of owners experienced device malfunctions after initial recharging, though warranty support appears to address these issues. For those seeking an entry-level LED wand that combines multiple modalities without a premium price, the Solawave delivers noticeable improvements in skin radiance and product absorption with relatively low commitment per session.

What works

  • 4-in-1 design (red light, galvanic, warmth, massage) covers multiple concerns
  • 180-degree rotating head maintains contact with facial contours
  • Visible de-puffing and glow after a single treatment session

What doesn’t

  • Small head size means more passes to cover full face
  • Results fade quickly without consistent daily use
  • Device malfunctions reported after first recharge by some users
Long Lasting

5. VITALY Glow-Pro Device

12W RF2200mAh Battery

The VITALY Glow-Pro combines RF heating and red LED therapy in a single wand, with the AI-SkinRejuve technology adjusting temperature via NTC sensors for burn-free treatment. The 12W output enables a 3-second heat-up time, and the 2200mAh battery provides up to 3 hours of continuous runtime — enough for weeks of daily sessions without recharging. The clinical data is striking: a 452.3% increase in collagen production, 39.7% reduction in sagging, and 32.8% decrease in wrinkles after a 3-week protocol, based on company-commissioned studies.

Owner reviews largely align with the clinical claims, particularly among users aged 40-50 who report firmer jawlines, lifted cheeks, and improved neck and chest skin after 2-3 sessions per week for several weeks. The device is notably painless in operation, with many reviewers commenting on the comfortable sensation compared to higher-intensity microcurrent devices. The kit includes two conductive gels, a travel case, and a Type-C charging cable, plus a 2-year replacement assurance.

The main downsides are that results are not instantaneous — most users need at least 2-3 weeks of consistent use before noticing visible tightening. Some users expected faster wrinkle reduction and were disappointed at the gradual pace. The device’s size at 2.45 pounds is heavier than most wands, which may cause hand fatigue during prolonged sessions. For users willing to commit to a multi-week RF protocol, the VITALY offers compelling clinical backing and strong owner testimony at a mid-range price.

What works

  • RF heating with NTC temperature control prevents burns
  • Clinically documented 452% collagen increase in 3 weeks
  • 3-hour battery life reduces charging frequency

What doesn’t

  • Visible results require 2-3 weeks of consistent use
  • Heavier build (2.45 lbs) can cause hand fatigue
  • Wrinkle reduction expectations may outpace actual speed of results
Ergonomic Choice

6. INIA Flare Face Lift Massager

3D Articulating Head3 Modes

The INIA Flare sets itself apart with a flexible articulating 3D head that conforms to the face’s curved surfaces — a design that owners consistently praise for maintaining consistent contact around the jawline and cheekbones without requiring constant angle adjustments. The device offers three modes: LIFT (vibrational massage plus red light for contouring), TIGHTEN (vibrations and red light for firmness and fine lines), and INFUSE (negative ion technology with zinc alloy electrodes to boost serum absorption).

Each mode has adjustable intensity levels, allowing users to start gently and increase over time. The bundle includes a complimentary hydrating gel large enough for several weeks of daily use. Owners report immediate de-puffing and lifting after a single use at level 3 intensity, with cumulative results in firmness appearing over 2-3 weeks. The LIFT mode is particularly effective for contouring the jawline, while the INFUSE mode genuinely improves how serums and moisturizers feel on the skin.

The device’s weight at 2.29 pounds is slightly above average, but the ergonomic handle mitigates fatigue. Some users note that the improvement in fine lines is subtle rather than dramatic, and that maintenance is required — results diminish if sessions are skipped. The INFUSE mode requires clean skin and product application, adding a preparatory step. For users who prioritize contour fit and multi-modal flexibility, the INIA Flare is a well-engineered mid-range option with strong first-impression results.

What works

  • 3D articulating head provides excellent contact on facial curves
  • Three distinct modes (lift, tighten, infuse) target different concerns
  • Immediate de-puffing and lift visible after first session

What doesn’t

  • Fine line improvement is subtle rather than dramatic
  • Results require consistent maintenance or they diminish
  • Heavier than some competing wands (2.29 lbs)
Multi-Purpose

7. Pure Daily Care NuDerma Handheld Skin Therapy Wand

4 Neon WandsHigh-Frequency

The NuDerma takes a fundamentally different approach by using high-frequency electrical current delivered through Neon gas-filled glass wands to stimulate ATP production at the cellular level. Rather than heating tissue or toning muscles, it oxygenates the skin and increases cellular turnover, which reduces acne, shrinks pore size, and improves overall texture. The kit includes four applicators: a mushroom wand for broad facial treatment, a spot wand for blemishes, a comb wand for scalp stimulation, and a tongue wand for mucosal health.

This device won Cosmopolitan’s 2023 Holy Grail award and has a long trail of enthusiastic owner testimony, particularly for acne management. Multiple reviewers report dramatic clearing of hormonal cystic acne within one month, along with smoother texture, reduced fine lines, and smaller pores. The high-frequency current creates a subtle ozone smell during operation, which is normal and indicates proper function. The glass wands are fragile — owners emphasize pulling straight up during removal to avoid breakage.

The device is not designed for the same tightening mechanism as RF or microcurrent units — it targets bacterial growth and cell turnover rather than collagen contraction. Users expecting a lifting or sculpting effect will be disappointed. The device must be used with a conductive medium like glycerin or aloe gel, and it should not be used on the same day as retinol. The wands are small and require deliberate technique for full-face coverage. For those whose primary concerns are acne, pore size, and skin texture rather than sagging, the NuDerma delivers fast, noticeable results at a mid-range price.

What works

  • High-frequency current clears cystic acne faster than topicals for many users
  • Four applicator wands allow treatment of face, scalp, and blemishes
  • Immediate de-puffing and radiance after a single session

What doesn’t

  • Does not provide RF or microcurrent tightening for sagging skin
  • Glass wands are fragile and require careful removal to avoid breakage
  • Requires specific conductive gels and retinol avoidance for safe use
Spa Experience

8. Shark FacialPro Glow

Hydro-AbrasionHot/Cold Therapy

The Shark FacialPro Glow is a hydro-powered facial system that combines suction-based pore extraction with hot and cold contrast therapy. Rather than relying on RF or microcurrent for skin tightening, it uses a proprietary hydro-abrasion tip to clear pores and exfoliate the skin while simultaneously infusing hydrating serums. The DePuffi attachment, which is included, delivers InstaChill cold therapy for under-eye tightening and InstaHeat for boosting circulation and lymphatic drainage.

Clinically tested, the device reduces pore visibility after a single 10-minute use and boosts hydration by 128% per treatment, per manufacturer data. The system uses AHA+BHA exfoliating gel and a hyaluronic acid hydrator, both developed in Korea and dermatologist-tested. The suction strength is adjustable, but the technique matters — pulling the skin taut and achieving a good seal is required to hear the “kiss” sound that indicates effective extraction.

Owners are polarized. Many love the immediate smoothness and glow, reporting softer, less oily skin after twice-weekly use. Others complain the device leaks, the suction feels uncomfortable, and the cost of recurring serum cartridges adds up quickly. The DePuffi attachment is widely praised as the most effective component, while the extraction function divides opinion. For users whose primary skin concern is congested pores, texture, and hydration rather than sagging or fine lines, the FacialPro Glow offers a genuine spa-at-home experience, but the recurring serum costs and mixed extraction results warrant careful consideration.

What works

  • Hydro-abrasion extraction visibly clears pores after a single 10-minute session
  • DePuffi hot/cold attachment provides effective under-eye tightening
  • Hydration boost of 128% per treatment per clinical data

What doesn’t

  • Recurring serum cartridge costs add up over time
  • Suction may feel uncomfortable for some skin types
  • Some units leak during operation, reducing treatment effectiveness
Full Face Power

9. TheraFace Mask by Therabody

3x More LEDsVibration Massage

The TheraFace Mask is an LED light therapy face mask that uses 3x more LEDs than leading competitors, combining red, near-infrared, and blue wavelengths into a single 9-minute treatment cycle. The red and infrared modes target fine lines, wrinkles, and sagging, while the blue mode addresses acne. The mask also includes a 15-minute vibrating massage function that targets pressure points around the brow, temples, and cheeks for relaxation and improved circulation.

Clinical claims are strong: improved appearance of forehead wrinkles and sagging skin, reduced redness, and treatment of dark spots. The mask is cordless and includes protective eye shields that allow eyes-open use, which is safer and more comfortable than masks requiring closed-eye sessions. The device weighs just 1.1 pounds, making it one of the lighter LED masks available, and the adjustable straps ensure a snug fit for various face shapes.

Owner reviews are predominantly positive, with many noting tighter skin, improved radiance, and smoother texture after 2-4 weeks of consistent use. The vibration feature adds a relaxing, spa-like quality that encourages daily compliance. However, a recurring criticism is that the LED coverage misses the nose, chin, jawline, and brow areas — users report indent marks from the eye guards and vibration pads. The battery lasts approximately 5 treatment cycles, requiring frequent recharging. A small number of users reported LEDs turning orange after a few weeks, indicating a defect. For those seeking a rich, medical-grade LED treatment with the convenience of hands-free operation, the TheraFace Mask delivers powerful light output, but the coverage gaps and battery life are meaningful trade-offs at this premium price.

What works

  • 3x more LEDs than competitors for higher light density per session
  • Hands-free, cordless design with eyes-open safety shields
  • Vibration massage increases relaxation and encourages daily use

What doesn’t

  • LED coverage misses nose, chin, jawline, and brow areas
  • Battery lasts only about 5 cycles before needing recharge
  • Eye guards and vibration pads can leave temporary indent marks on skin

Hardware & Specs Guide

Radio Frequency Power Output

RF devices are rated by their wattage output, which determines how quickly and deeply they can heat the dermis. Higher wattage, such as the 12W found in the VITALY Glow-Pro, enables faster heat-up times (around 3 seconds) and more efficient collagen stimulation. Lower-wattage RF devices may require longer sessions or multiple passes to achieve therapeutic temperatures around 42-45°C. Look for NTC sensors on any RF device to ensure the temperature stays within safe limits and prevents burns during treatment.

Microcurrent Intensity and Anti-Shock Systems

Microcurrent devices are measured by the electrical current they deliver, typically in microamps. Devices like the FOREO Bear use an Anti-Shock System that scans skin resistance and adjusts intensity in real time — this is the standard to look for. Without this feature, microcurrent can cause uncomfortable zapping sensations, especially on dry or sensitive skin. The number of intensity levels also matters: 3 to 5 adjustable settings allow beginners to start low and increase as their tolerance builds.

LED Wavelengths and Count

Red light therapy for skin tightening typically uses wavelengths between 630-660nm, while near-infrared ranges from 810-880nm for deeper tissue penetration. Blue light (around 415nm) targets acne-causing bacteria. The number of LEDs directly affects treatment density — more LEDs means more light energy delivered per square centimeter per minute. The TheraFace Mask claims 3x more LEDs than competitors, while the Shark CryoGlow uses 60 LEDs across its panel. A higher LED count generally translates to shorter required session times for equivalent results.

Battery Capacity and Runtime

Cordless devices rely on lithium-ion batteries that vary significantly in capacity. The VITALY Glow-Pro’s 2200mAh battery offers up to 3 hours of continuous use, while the FOREO Bear delivers up to 90 treatments per charge. Smaller wands like the Solawave offer shorter runtimes but smaller form factors for travel. Battery life is particularly important for LED masks, which run multiple LEDs simultaneously — the TheraFace Mask lasts approximately 5 cycles per charge, which is relatively low for its class. USB-C charging is the modern standard to prioritize for faster and more convenient replenishment.

FAQ

Which technology works best for loose jawline and sagging cheeks — RF or microcurrent?
Radio frequency (RF) is more effective for loose, sagging skin because it heats the dermis to stimulate collagen contraction and new collagen production. Microcurrent targets the superficial muscles for a lifted contour but does not directly address skin laxity. For significant sagging, an RF-capable device like the VITALY Glow-Pro is the better choice. Microcurrent devices like the FOREO Bear are ideal for muscle toning and maintaining a defined jawline after the skin has been tightened.
How many times per week should I use an at-home skin tightening device to see results?
Most manufacturers recommend using RF or microcurrent devices 3-5 times per week for the first 4-8 weeks, then reducing to 1-2 times per week for maintenance. LED masks typically require daily or near-daily use for 4-12 weeks before visible improvements appear. Consistency is more important than session intensity — missing several days in a row can delay or diminish results, particularly for microcurrent-based devices where muscle memory fades relatively quickly.
Can at-home devices deliver the same results as professional in-office treatments?
At-home devices operate at lower energy levels than professional equipment for safety reasons, so the results are generally more subtle and require longer cumulative treatment times. You will not achieve the same level of tightening as a single in-office RF or microcurrent session. However, with consistent use over months, many users see meaningful improvements in firmness, texture, and radiance that make at-home devices effective for maintenance between professional treatments. The Shark CryoGlow and TheraFace Mask, with their high LED counts, come closest to professional-grade light therapy results.
Are there any skin types or conditions that should avoid certain skin tightening technologies?
Yes. RF devices should not be used on skin with active infections, open wounds, or near metal implants or pacemakers. Microcurrent is contraindicated for individuals with epilepsy, heart conditions, or during pregnancy. LED therapy is generally safe for all skin types, but blue light may cause hyperpigmentation in very dark skin tones if used excessively. The Solawave and INIA devices are considered lower-risk entry points because they combine modalities at lower intensities. Always consult a dermatologist before starting any new device, especially if you have a history of skin cancer, photosensitivity, or autoimmune conditions.
How long do the effects of at-home skin tightening last if I stop using the device?
The effects of RF-based collagen stimulation can persist for 4-6 months after a treatment cycle before gradually fading as natural collagen production returns to its baseline rate. Microcurrent muscle toning effects fade faster — typically within 2-4 weeks of stopping, as the facial muscles relax back to their untrained state. LED therapy effects are cumulative and diminish over a similar 4-6 week window without maintenance sessions. The VITALY Glow-Pro claims each 21-day treatment cycle’s effects last 4-6 months, but most users find that reducing to a once-weekly maintenance session yields the best long-term results without a full re-treatment period.

Final Thoughts: The Verdict

For most users looking for a comprehensive, clinically-backed best at home skin tightening device, the winner is the Shark CryoGlow LED Face Mask because it combines high-density LED therapy with a unique under-eye cooling attachment that delivers immediate tightening while building long-term collagen improvement. If you want a versatile all-in-one system that handles microcurrent, LED, and massage for muscle relief, the TheraFace PRO is the strongest choice for its 8-attachment flexibility. And for those on a budget who still want multiple modalities in a travel-friendly wand, the Solawave 4-in-1 Wand offers the best balance of features and affordability with visible de-puffing and radiance improvements from the first session.